TIMBER FRAME HOUSE, CABIN

Fachwerk House, Modern Cabin, Wood House, Chalet Haus

Breath of wood as building material - it's a natural breath of nature. Special structure of the tree trunk provides constant ventilation. Will maintain the natural moisture indoors. Wooden house - warm floor, one of the features of wood - to store heat and release it. Wood perform columns, floors, parts of the rafters. Wood - one of the oldest building materials. It is equally well resists to various stresses - work in tension, compression, bending, shear, torsion.

Cons
The disadvantages include easy flammability, uvlazhnyaemost, fungal diseases and insects. These days it is easy to handle with the shortcomings of wood with anti money.However, for all the positive qualities confirmed for the debt of time, the tree replaced by other building materials.

Scope of wood in construction increased due to new parts of fasteners, connections. The reason for the use of wood in construction - Farm covers, frames of houses - wood lightweight material is easy to work in factories as well as on-site system, the details may be combined in various ways, high thermal conductivity, cost-effectiveness.

Species of wood

Deciduous:

Oak
Ash, maple, hornbeam
Acacia
Birch, beech
Elm, elm

soft hardwoods:

Alder, basswood, aspen, poplar

conifers:

Larch, but European and Japanese
Siberian cedar, but pine Krasnoyarsk Territory
Cedar Krasnoyarsk, Weymouth pine
Fir

Hardwood made the special design elements such as pins, wedges, pads, wedges.

Coniferous species at low density harakterezuyutsya great strength and negligible rates of swelling and shrinkage. It is easy to manual and machine processing.

Whitewood - the main construction timber. Fir lumber as is used for interior and exterior design elements.

Noble fir has a lighter color than the spruce. Similar to but not spruce resin.

Pine is common throughout Europe and Asia. Has a wide growth rings, and contains a lot of tar and dark in its entirety. Pine resistant to precipitation than spruce. Pine is used for internal and external structures, window frames and doors, fences, floors and paneling.

Larch rasprostronina widely in Northern Europe - the Alps. Larch is very rich in resin, and fit for the exterior. Larch easily cracked so before scoring in her nails need to drill a hole. Larch wood as a building is used in exterior structures, windows, doors and rural development.

Hardwood - less exposed to swell and shrinkage. Has a higher density, more difficult to process than conifers.

Book highlights many fumes as a result acquires a reddish tint, and at the same time become more flexible. He responds well to treatment and impregnation of acquiring the most durable. Used for the manufacture of lower studs, gaskets, dowels, customization, parquet.

Oak commonly found in Europe, America and Japan. Oak wood is very durable. In less than beech exposed to shrinkage and swelling. Applied to hydraulic structures and bridges.

Assortment

Roundwood. Round timber is peeled from the bark of twigs and tree trunks without special treatment, mainly used for scaffolds (forests) in rural construction, as studs and beams for the temporary bridges. Sawed wood called trunks stripped of bark and twigs the size of napilennye at the sawmill. Depending on the size of Sawed timber is divided into:

bars - the area up to 32 cm2

thin boards - thickness of 8 to 40 mm

planks - a minimum thickness of 40 mm

blocks of square or rectangular 1:3

bars - cross-section of 20 cm

Measures to protect wood from decay and fire.

Rotting wood is caused by the fungus. Fungi - wood - destroying fungi feed on organic matter of wood. At this time the chemical changes in the wood, and it causes a sharp deterioration of the wood. The process of rotting wood leads to the improper condition. Fungi as organisms evolve under certain conditions. Humidity above 20%, temperature 50 degrees C, oxygen these components define the conditions for the development of fungi.

Structural protection from rotting.

Constructive wood protection - to create a humid operating conditions mene 20%. Frame of a house, or supporting structures must be well ventilated. Have access to the wooden structure to a periodic inspection.
Waterproofing layer at points of contact with the ground wooden structures, concrete, heavy metal parts.
In the enclosing elements in situations of change of temperature condensation - because of this load-bearing wooden structures should be located either in a heated room or outside it. Protecting designs fachwerk frame should have produhi for ventilation of wood, which will provide quick drying. Cold air goes underneath, muggy air at the top under Kaneko.
For removal of atmospheric water from the wooden coverings installed crowning cornice or overhang wide. To protect against driving rain.

Chemical protection of wood against rot
Presepvation is a major undertaking to protect against rot, designed for the life of the wood.
Antiseptics are divided into three groups: the succulent, organorastvorimye and water-soluble.
Protection from fire
The possibility of using wood for supporting and enclosing structures of buildings, as well as the need for special fire retardant treatment for its slow-it is difficult to flammable or protected from fire wood elements determined by directives of existing fire protection regulations, depending on the purpose of buildings, their heights, fire adjacent structures , fire breaks, and similar factors.
Chemical protection against fire. By trudnovozgoraemym include wooden items impregnated with aqueous solutions of salts of flame retardants in the cylinders under pressure with the absorption of dry salt to 75 kg per 1 M8 wood.